What absorbs at 2924 cm⁻¹ in an FTIR spectrum?
A band near 2924 cm⁻¹ can point to several functional groups. Below are the most likely assignments, ranked by how much published evidence supports each — every one traceable to literature (DOI) and cross-validated against our 130,000+ reference spectra and knowledge graph.
Backed by 8 cited sources
Quick answer
A band near 2924 cm⁻¹ is usually interpreted by checking which functional groups repeatedly co-occur there in the literature, then confirming at least one or two additional peaks in the same sample. This page ranks those assignments by accumulated evidence rather than by a single fixed textbook rule.
Possible functional-group assignments
| Functional group | Supporting facts | Cited sources | Top confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkyl C-H | 114 | 112 | 1.0 |
| Hydroxyl (O-H) | 11 | 11 | 1.0 |
| Methoxy (OCH3) | 11 | 11 | 1.0 |
| Methacrylate | 11 | 11 | 1.0 |
| Acetate | 11 | 11 | 1.0 |
| Amide | 8 | 8 | 1.0 |
| Methyl | 8 | 8 | 1.0 |
| C-O single bond | 7 | 7 | 1.0 |
| N h | 6 | 6 | 1.0 |
| Lipid | 5 | 5 | 1.0 |
| Carbonyl (C=O) | 5 | 5 | 1.0 |
| Hydrogen bond | 5 | 5 | 1.0 |
| Carboxyl (COOH) | 4 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Fatty acid | 4 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Aromatic ring | 3 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Ketone | 3 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Ester | 3 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Water (H2O) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Carbohydrate | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Alkene (C=C) | 2 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Secondary amine | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| C n single bond | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Nitrile | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Carbon dioxide | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Silicate | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Amino acid | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Silicon-oxygen (Si-O) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Silicon (Si) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Nucleic acid | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Protein | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Silanol (Si-OH) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| C c single bond | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Triglyceride | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
Ranking reflects accumulated literature evidence, not a single fixed rule. Always confirm against your sample context.
Possible materials
| Material | Supporting peaks | Overlapping groups | Cited sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| chitosan | 2924, 1650, 1655 | Alkyl C-H, Methacrylate, Hydroxyl (O-H) | 1 |
| polypyrrole | 2924, 1700, 400 | Alkyl C-H, Methacrylate | 1 |
| polyvinylpyrrolidone | 2924, 1660, 1700 | Alkyl C-H, Hydroxyl (O-H), Methacrylate | 1 |
| polyvinyl alcohol | 2924, 1141, 1640 | Hydroxyl (O-H), Alkyl C-H, Methacrylate | 1 |
Materials are shown only when the same literature pool supports this band and at least one additional characteristic peak.
Spectrum logic
This band becomes meaningful only when read with its neighboring peaks. In practice, analysts first look at the assignments above, then check whether the same sample also shows other peaks expected for the same structural motif. A lone band near 2924 cm⁻¹ is usually not enough for material identification by itself.
Real-world usage
This type of query is common in polymer identification, unknown plastic screening, QC troubleshooting, recycled-material verification, and literature-backed peak assignment review.
Common mistakes
- Treating one isolated band as proof of a material without checking at least one or two supporting peaks.
- Ignoring overlap: multiple functional groups can contribute near the same wavenumber.
- Skipping validation when additives, blends, oxidation, or contamination may distort the spectrum.
Verification advice
When ambiguity remains, validate the hypothesis with DSC, GC-MS, or TGA, especially for blends, degraded samples, and filled polymers.
Literature behind these assignments
-
Amide confidence 1.0
“The mild increases in signals of carboxylic acid and amide I peaks at 2924 and (CH stretching vibration) almost di2 band indicated that the digestive enzymes had broken the covalent minished as compared with Lipo-Cur.”
Modification of curcumin-loaded liposome with edible compounds to enhance ability of crossing blood brain barrier DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124862 -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“The C-H bending (out of plane) at 925.83 C-H in plane bending (scissoring) at cm-1, cm-1, cm-1 1481.83 C-H stretching (asymmetric) at 2924.09 and stretching ether C-O at 1103.28”
Deswardani 等 - 2017 - Study of Structural and Magnetic Properties of Sil DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/202/1/012047 -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“2007) while the peak cm-1 C-H binds to the binding sites by replacing one acidic H, and occurring at 2924 is related to the stretching vibrathe access of lithium ions to the binding sites of alga surface tion (Janakiraman and Johnson 2015).”
Phycoremediation of lithium ions from aqueous solutions using free and immobilized freshwater green alga Oocystis solitaria: mathematical modeling for bioprocess optimization DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05214-x -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“The weak absorption band at 2924.2 is assigned to -CH asymmetric stretching 2 cm-1 vibrations [36-39].”
Unique Halloysite Nanotubes–Polyvinyl Alcohol– Polyvinylpyrrolidone Composite Complemented with Physico–Chemical Characterization DOI: 10.3390/polym9060207 -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“The bands at 2924, 870, 1227 and 40o cm-1 C for 15 min can be assigned to C-H stretching, CH out of separately with 1 g/l nonionic detergent at 1075 2”
Gashti 等 - 2015 - Electromagnetic Shielding Response of UV-induced P DOI: 10.1007/s12221-015-0585-9 -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“LLM confirmed rule peak-group candidate”
Response to nutrient variation on lipid productivity in green microalgae captured using second derivative FTIR and Raman spectroscopy DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120830 -
Fatty acid confidence 1.0
“Since, fatty acids fatty acid, whereas the bands in the region of 2924 and 2854 are”
Fig seeds: Combined approach of lipochemical assessment using gas chromatography and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy using chemometrics DOI: 10.1016/j.vibspec.2021.103251 -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“LLM confirmed rule peak-group candidate”
Jaiswal 和 Dhayal - 2020 - Preparation of 2D coatings of functionally graded DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.122663
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