What absorbs at 3450 cm⁻¹ in an FTIR spectrum?
A band near 3450 cm⁻¹ can point to several functional groups. Below are the most likely assignments, ranked by how much published evidence supports each — every one traceable to literature (DOI) and cross-validated against our 130,000+ reference spectra and knowledge graph.
Backed by 8 cited sources
Possible functional-group assignments
| Functional group | Supporting facts | Cited sources | Top confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydroxyl (O-H) | 38 | 35 | 1.0 |
| N h | 4 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Phenolic | 2 | 2 | 0.8 |
| Silanol (Si-OH) | 1 | 1 | 0.95 |
| Water (H2O) | 1 | 1 | 0.9 |
| Hydrogen bond | 1 | 1 | 0.8 |
| Amine primary | 1 | 1 | 0.8 |
| C n single bond | 1 | 1 | 0.8 |
Ranking reflects accumulated literature evidence, not a single authoritative rule. Always confirm against your sample context.
Literature behind these assignments
-
N h confidence 1.0
“Explicit assignment: 'assigned to -NH stretching'”
Shoaib 和 Bahadur - 2016 - Synthesis of thermally and mechanically improved p DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2016-0134 -
confidence 1.0
“Assigned to stretch in pure PVA.”
Salim 等 - 2022 - Investigation on optical, structural and electrica DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25304-0 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 0.95
“Explicit assignment: 'O-H stretching at 3450'”
Ugwu 等 - 2023 - Synthesis, Structure, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, DOI: 10.1007/s10870-023-00978-0 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 0.95
“Text: 'band at approximately 3450 ... attributed to the O-H stretching'”
Du 等 - 2016 - Microwave-assisted preparation of almond shell-bas DOI: 10.1515/gps-2016-0032 -
Silanol (Si-OH) confidence 0.95
“Explicit assignment in text.”
Hassanin 等 - 2022 - Sustainable Remedy Waste to Generate SiO2 Function DOI: 10.3390/su14052699 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 0.9
“Text: 'broad absorption band centered at 3450 cm-1 O-H stretching vibrations'”
Gondal 等 - 2012 - Synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles using puls DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.03.147 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 0.9
“Assigned to ν(OH) stretching of residual water and hydroxyl groups.”
Phokha 和 Utara - 2019 - Longer ozonolysis time induced CeO2 hexagonal nano DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.12.057 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 0.9
“Text: 'OH stretching band (about 3450 cm-1)'.”
ZAVARIN 等 - 1990 - ANALYSIS OF SOLID WOOD SURFACES BY DIFFUSE REFLECT DOI: 10.1080/02773819008050253
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