What absorbs at 1094 cm⁻¹ in an FTIR spectrum?
A band near 1094 cm⁻¹ can point to several functional groups. Below are the most likely assignments, ranked by how much published evidence supports each — every one traceable to literature (DOI) and cross-validated against our 130,000+ reference spectra and knowledge graph.
Backed by 8 cited sources
Quick answer
A band near 1094 cm⁻¹ is usually interpreted by checking which functional groups repeatedly co-occur there in the literature, then confirming at least one or two additional peaks in the same sample. This page ranks those assignments by accumulated evidence rather than by a single fixed textbook rule.
Possible functional-group assignments
| Functional group | Supporting facts | Cited sources | Top confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Methacrylate | 5 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Acetate | 5 | 4 | 1.0 |
| C-O single bond | 4 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Silicon-oxygen (Si-O) | 4 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Carbonyl (C=O) | 3 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Methoxy (OCH3) | 3 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Hydroxyl (O-H) | 3 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Silicon (Si) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Siloxane (Si-O-Si) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Phosphate (PO4) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Ketone | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Ester | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Carboxyl (COOH) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Amide | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Alkyl C-H | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| N h | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Hydrogen bond | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| C c single bond | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Water (H2O) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Sulfate (SO4) | 1 | 1 | 0.9 |
| Nucleic acid | 1 | 1 | 0.8 |
| Amino acid | 1 | 1 | 0.4 |
Ranking reflects accumulated literature evidence, not a single fixed rule. Always confirm against your sample context.
Possible materials
| Material | Supporting peaks | Overlapping groups | Cited sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| alginate | 1094, 1100, 1715 | Methacrylate, Acetate, C-O single bond | 1 |
| collagen | 1094, 1408, 1660 | Methacrylate, Acetate, C-O single bond | 1 |
| sodium alginate | 1094, 1636, 1080 | Methacrylate, C-O single bond, Acetate | 1 |
| kaolinite | 1094, 3696, 693 | Silicon-oxygen (Si-O) | 1 |
Materials are shown only when the same literature pool supports this band and at least one additional characteristic peak.
Spectrum logic
This band becomes meaningful only when read with its neighboring peaks. In practice, analysts first look at the assignments above, then check whether the same sample also shows other peaks expected for the same structural motif. A lone band near 1094 cm⁻¹ is usually not enough for material identification by itself.
Real-world usage
This type of query is common in polymer identification, unknown plastic screening, QC troubleshooting, recycled-material verification, and literature-backed peak assignment review.
Common mistakes
- Treating one isolated band as proof of a material without checking at least one or two supporting peaks.
- Ignoring overlap: multiple functional groups can contribute near the same wavenumber.
- Skipping validation when additives, blends, oxidation, or contamination may distort the spectrum.
Verification advice
When ambiguity remains, validate the hypothesis with DSC, GC-MS, or TGA, especially for blends, degraded samples, and filled polymers.
Literature behind these assignments
-
Acetate confidence 1.0
“to cm-1), The glycolic acid concentrations of the sample extracts the coupling of CH and the C=O groups (1242 and to 2 cm-1) were calculated from the peak heights and peak areas of the the C=O vibration (1094 [7].”
Kuligowski 等 - 2008 - Determination of glycolic acid in cosmetics by onl DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2430-0 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 1.0
“cm-1 whereas band at1094 has been ascribed to H O H tion data have been fitted using Debye-Bueche (DB) structure The”
Fabrication of CuO nanoparticle: An efficient catalyst utilized for sensing and degradation of phenol DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.07.100 -
confidence 1.0
“Other peaks observed in these spectra are Si-H peak at 2148 and Si-O cm-1 peaks at 1094 and 1018 (Lie et al., 2002).”
The effect of alkyl chain length on the level of capping of silicon nanoparticles produced by a one-pot synthesis route based on the chemical reduction of micelle DOI: 10.1007/s11051-013-1425-8 -
C c single bond confidence 1.0
“cm-1 The band at 1094 is attributed to the (C-C-C) bond that is associated to the presence of CNT, which was also cm-1 confirmed by XPS analysis of Figure 6b.”
Edwards 等 - 2018 - Analysis of chemical polymerization between functi DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.07016 -
Silicon (Si) confidence 1.0
“The characteristic peaks cm-1 in the SiO NP at 1094, 803, and 3448 are associated with the stretching vibrations 2 of Si-O, Si-O-Si, and -OH groups, respectively.”
Preparation of Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Modified Silica Nanoparticles via the Taguchi Approach DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081561 -
Acetate confidence 1.0
“1408 C-O stretching at 1338 and 1298 and C-O-C stretching at 1094”
Characteristics and Preparation of Designed Alginate-Based Composite Scaffold Membranes with Decellularized Fibrous Micro-Scaffold Structures from Porcine Skin DOI: 10.3390/polym13203464 -
Hydrogen bond confidence 1.0
“As shown in Figure 4, TICA exhibited two C-O stretching vibrations at 1109 cm-1 and 1050 cm-1, which merged into a single stretching vibration in the TICA-NCA hydrate at 1094 cm-1, due to a shift caused by the hydrogen bond interaction N-H…”
Preparation and Characterization of Novel Pharmaceutical Co-Crystals: Ticagrelor with Nicotinamide DOI: 10.3390/cryst8090336 -
confidence 1.0
“1033 Si-O-Si, Si-O stretching tetrahedra 1094 Stretch vibration modes of SO 4 938 Deformation bands of kaolinite 2OH bending bands of kaolinite AL-O-H vibrations 914 Al”
The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis for the clay mineralogy studies in a clastic reservoir DOI: 10.1007/s13202-021-01449-y
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