What absorbs at 1416 cm⁻¹ in an FTIR spectrum?
A band near 1416 cm⁻¹ can point to several functional groups. Below are the most likely assignments, ranked by how much published evidence supports each — every one traceable to literature (DOI) and cross-validated against our 130,000+ reference spectra and knowledge graph.
Backed by 8 cited sources
Quick answer
A band near 1416 cm⁻¹ is usually interpreted by checking which functional groups repeatedly co-occur there in the literature, then confirming at least one or two additional peaks in the same sample. This page ranks those assignments by accumulated evidence rather than by a single fixed textbook rule.
Possible functional-group assignments
| Functional group | Supporting facts | Cited sources | Top confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkyl C-H | 13 | 13 | 1.0 |
| Carboxyl (COOH) | 7 | 7 | 1.0 |
| Acetate | 7 | 6 | 1.0 |
| Methacrylate | 6 | 5 | 1.0 |
| Methoxy (OCH3) | 5 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Amide | 5 | 3 | 1.0 |
| C-O single bond | 4 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Carbonate | 3 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Carbonyl (C=O) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Hydroxyl (O-H) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Secondary amine | 2 | 1 | 1.0 |
| C n single bond | 2 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Ketone | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Ester | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| N-O bond | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Methyl | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Nitrogen heterocycle | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Phosphorus | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Phosphate (PO4) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Nitrate | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
Ranking reflects accumulated literature evidence, not a single fixed rule. Always confirm against your sample context.
Spectrum logic
This band becomes meaningful only when read with its neighboring peaks. In practice, analysts first look at the assignments above, then check whether the same sample also shows other peaks expected for the same structural motif. A lone band near 1416 cm⁻¹ is usually not enough for material identification by itself.
Real-world usage
This type of query is common in polymer identification, unknown plastic screening, QC troubleshooting, recycled-material verification, and literature-backed peak assignment review.
Common mistakes
- Treating one isolated band as proof of a material without checking at least one or two supporting peaks.
- Ignoring overlap: multiple functional groups can contribute near the same wavenumber.
- Skipping validation when additives, blends, oxidation, or contamination may distort the spectrum.
Verification advice
When ambiguity remains, validate the hypothesis with DSC, GC-MS, or TGA, especially for blends, degraded samples, and filled polymers.
Literature behind these assignments
-
Nitrate confidence 1.0
“All unsintered spectra depicted (Figure 2b (ii)) the characteristic peaks at 1302 cm-1 and 1416 cm-1, which correpicted (Figure 2b (ii)) the characteristic peaks at 1302 cm-1 and 1416 cm-1, which correspond to vibrational modes of nitrate (”
Sol-Gel Synthesized High Entropy Metal Oxides as High-Performance Catalysts for Electrochemical Water Oxidation DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185951 -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“sp3 diethyl ether in order to remove non-polar impurities and The C-H bond absorption band appears at the 1416 cm-1”
Djunaidi 等 - 2018 - Synthesis of A Novel Carrier Compound Thiazoethyl DOI: 10.22146/ijc.25075 -
Carboxyl (COOH) confidence 1.0
“COO CH s, and CH Mix in Apo-EDTA and Its The COO band blueshifts to 1416 in frequency”
CH Mode Mixing Determines the Band Shape of the Carboxylate Symmetric Stretch in Apo-EDTA, Ca2+–EDTA, and Mg2+–EDTA DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03061 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 1.0
“The cm-1 heads are usually cooked in autoclaves applying steam peak observed around 1416 corresponded with under pressure, reaching temperatures about 120 °C, the combination of O-H bending and C-H bending cm-1 duringatimeintervalof12to24h.”
Mondragon-Cortez 等 - 2022 - Application of Fourier transform infrared spectros DOI: 10.24275/rmiq/Alim2806 -
Carboxyl (COOH) confidence 1.0
“s(COO-) cm-1 Lys adsorbate spectra at pH 2 shows two overlapping peaks of ν at 1416 and cm-1, 1402 indicating the interaction between the carboxylate groups and the NP surface (Fig.”
pH-Dependent Adsorption of α-Amino Acids, Lysine, Glutamic Acid, Serine and Glycine, on TiO2 Nanoparticle Surfaces DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.086 -
Carbonate confidence 1.0
“A double band at 1416 and 1456 corresponding to the stretching vibrations of CO3 (B-type) substituting for phosphate in the apatite lattice, was observed vibrations of CO (B-type) substituting for phosphate in the apatite lattice, was obser”
The Effect of Low-Processing Temperature on the Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Bovine Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitutes DOI: 10.3390/ma15082798 -
confidence 1.0
“The intense band for the TPhPyP ligand (1416 cm-1) attributed to the superposition of pyridine vibrations in shifted to 1384 cm-1 upon coordination with cobalt and the bands at 998 cm-1 and 800 cm-1 for to the deformation of the porphyrin r”
Synthesis of a New Co Metal–Organic Framework Assembled from 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis((pyridin-4-yl) phenyl)porphyrin “Co-MTPhPyP” and Its Application to the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041816 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) confidence 1.0
“At 1416 a band corresponding to the vibration of cm-1 the OH groups is displayed.”
A continuous method for arsenic removal from groundwater using hybrid biopolymer-iron-nanoaggregates: improvement through factorial designs DOI: 10.1002/jctb.6600
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