What absorbs at 436 cm⁻¹ in an FTIR spectrum?
A band near 436 cm⁻¹ can point to several functional groups. Below are the most likely assignments, ranked by how much published evidence supports each — every one traceable to literature (DOI) and cross-validated against our 130,000+ reference spectra and knowledge graph.
Backed by 8 cited sources
Possible functional-group assignments
| Functional group | Supporting facts | Cited sources | Top confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metal oxygen | 3 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Carboxyl (COOH) | 3 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Alkyl C-H | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Methacrylate | 2 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Acetate | 2 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Hydroxyl (O-H) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Methyl | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Methoxy (OCH3) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Phosphate (PO4) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Aromatic ring | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Water (H2O) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Ketone | 1 | 0 | 1.0 |
| Ester | 1 | 0 | 1.0 |
| Carbonyl (C=O) | 1 | 0 | 1.0 |
| Amide | 1 | 0 | 1.0 |
| C c single bond | 1 | 0 | 1.0 |
Ranking reflects accumulated literature evidence, not a single authoritative rule. Always confirm against your sample context.
Literature behind these assignments
-
confidence 1.0
“In the low energy region of cm-1 the spectrum, the bond at ~ 436 is assigned to bending vibrations of Ti-O and Ti-O-Ti”
Effects of varying the soaking duration of Eosin Blue sensitized TiO2 photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.164169 -
Metal oxygen confidence 1.0
“The weak 4 4 cm-1 vibration band detected at 436 could be ascribed to the W-O bending vibration [47].”
Abozaid 等 - 2018 - Characterization of Neodymium Doped Calcium Tungst DOI: 10.2298/SOS1804445A -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“The intensity of the vibrational bands associated with C-H cm-1) cm-1) 436 stretch (2800-3000 and P-O-C stretch (1028 remain constant.”
Organic and Third Phase in HNO3/TBP/n-Dodecane System: No Reverse Micelles DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2017.1336048 -
Water (H2O) confidence 1.0
“The peak in temperature of 436 °C, which can be attributed to the degradation of the polypropylene ◦C the range 48-95 can be attributed to the moisture loss of the hemp fibre.”
Characterisation of Hemp Fibres Reinforced Composites Using Thermoplastic Polymers as Matrices DOI: 10.3390/polym14030481 -
Aromatic ring confidence 1.0
“and 1,436cm-1, Sm-MOFs tions of aromatic ring skeletons are 1,662 and The structure and morphology of the were 1,112cm-1 C-H field is the deformation vibration of bond of tested by FTIR, XRD, emission scanning electron 762cm-1 is the displa”
Wei 等 - 2022 - Preparation of metal-organic frameworks by microwa DOI: 10.1515/gps-2022-0060 -
Phosphate (PO4) confidence 1.0
“Raman Spectra of bone and Type 2 samples material (demonstrated in Figure 1), (cm-1) Wavenumber Vibration Modes of Type2 Vibration Modes of Bone 436, 590, 988 Symmetric bending of P-O P-0 [5] 4-2 882, 1150 HPO Phosphate [5] 4385, 420 Lower”
Fabrication and Characterisation of Two-Layered Synthetic Titanium-Chitosan Bone Scaffolds DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92381-5_73 -
confidence 1.0
“[37] found that the ATR-FTIR spectra of 2O 3-adsorbed 1617 cm-1, 1458 cm-1, and 436 cm-1, respectively, indicating that Fe-O, CH3/COO and -OH in HFO cm-1 humic acid showed two new bands at 1348 and 1470 during the initial time points, which”
Removal of Tetracycline by Hydrous Ferric Oxide: Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherms, and Mechanism DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224580 -
confidence 0.8
“Absorption peak at 436 cm-1 indicates goethite”
Efficiency of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Different Pretreatments for Enhancing Biogas Yield of Macroalgae Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165105
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