What absorbs at 452 cm⁻¹ in an FTIR spectrum?
A band near 452 cm⁻¹ can point to several functional groups. Below are the most likely assignments, ranked by how much published evidence supports each — every one traceable to literature (DOI) and cross-validated against our 130,000+ reference spectra and knowledge graph.
Backed by 8 cited sources
Quick answer
A band near 452 cm⁻¹ is usually interpreted by checking which functional groups repeatedly co-occur there in the literature, then confirming at least one or two additional peaks in the same sample. This page ranks those assignments by accumulated evidence rather than by a single fixed textbook rule.
Possible functional-group assignments
| Functional group | Supporting facts | Cited sources | Top confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siloxane (Si-O-Si) | 3 | 3 | 1.0 |
| Metal oxygen | 3 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Silicon (Si) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Silicon-oxygen (Si-O) | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Water (H2O) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Hydroxyl (O-H) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Aromatic ring | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Alkyl C-H | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Ring structure | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Nitrogen heterocycle | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Silicon silicon | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Sulfate (SO4) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
Ranking reflects accumulated literature evidence, not a single fixed rule. Always confirm against your sample context.
Possible materials
| Material | Supporting peaks | Overlapping groups | Cited sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZnO | 452, 1400, 3430 | Metal oxygen | 1 |
| SiO | 452, 800, 1745 | Silicon-oxygen (Si-O), Siloxane (Si-O-Si), Silicon (Si) | 1 |
| iron oxide | 452, 1130, 891 | Metal oxygen | 1 |
| iron oxide nanoparticles | 452, 2972, 528 | Metal oxygen | 1 |
Materials are shown only when the same literature pool supports this band and at least one additional characteristic peak.
Spectrum logic
This band becomes meaningful only when read with its neighboring peaks. In practice, analysts first look at the assignments above, then check whether the same sample also shows other peaks expected for the same structural motif. A lone band near 452 cm⁻¹ is usually not enough for material identification by itself.
Real-world usage
This type of query is common in polymer identification, unknown plastic screening, QC troubleshooting, recycled-material verification, and literature-backed peak assignment review.
Common mistakes
- Treating one isolated band as proof of a material without checking at least one or two supporting peaks.
- Ignoring overlap: multiple functional groups can contribute near the same wavenumber.
- Skipping validation when additives, blends, oxidation, or contamination may distort the spectrum.
Verification advice
When ambiguity remains, validate the hypothesis with DSC, GC-MS, or TGA, especially for blends, degraded samples, and filled polymers.
Literature behind these assignments
-
Sulfate (SO4) confidence 1.0
“The 4 cm(cid:1)1 ν2 bands at 452 and 464 correspond to the mode and 616, cm(cid:1)1 ν4 630 and 644 as the modes of barium sulfate.”
Characterization and luminescence studies of Eu doped Barite nanophosphor DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2014.01.009 -
confidence 1.0
“Zn-O stretching frequencies ZnO and Nd-ZnO were observed at 423, 466, 423 and 452 cm-1, respectively, from the FTIR spectra.”
Effects of Nd doping on structural, optical, morphological and surface-chemical state analysis of ZnO nanoparticles for antimicrobial and anticancer activities DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101000 -
Silicon silicon confidence 1.0
“The bands at 451.900 791.803 and 1060.76 Si~O~Si Si~O~Si 1060.76 cm-1 are attributed to the bending vibration, the stretch Si∼O∼Si Si∼O∼Si are attributed to the bending vibration, the stretch vibration and the Si~O~Si vibration and the stre”
Green Synthesis of Crystalline Silica from Sugarcane Bagasse Ash: Physico-Chemical Properties DOI: 10.3390/nano12132184 -
confidence 1.0
“Results show that after the heat treatment at 700°C, silicate bands cm-1 cm-1, cmfor Si-O-Si bending mode were observed at 452 and 521 Si-O-Si stretching (symmetric) mode at 777 1”
Fabrication of sol-gel derived new quaternary silicate Bioglass S55P4 DOI: 10.1063/1.5089369 -
confidence 1.0
“The FTIR spectra revealed the characteristic bands at 452 and 565 which is attributed to Fe-O bonds of IONPs, while the XRD diffractogram supported the 2θ, 36.090.”
Yadav 等 - 2020 - A novel synthesis and characterization of polyhedr DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2020.101089 -
Nitrogen heterocycle confidence 1.0
“The strong bands at 452 and 411 can be attributed to the 2 C(cid:2)N ring bending [39].”
Synthesis, crystal structure, and characterization of cyclohexylammonium tetraisothiocyanatocobaltate(II): A single-source precursor for cobalt sulfide and oxide nanostructures DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019. -
confidence 1.0
“SA-Fe Moreover, the 490 band observed in the complex Fe-COOcan be ascribed to the symmetric stretching band, cm-1 which corresponds to the theoretical band at 452 in the GACOO-1Fe case of the complex (Figure 5g).”
Analysis of Iron Complexes of Tannic Acid and Other Related Polyphenols as Revealed by Spectroscopic Techniques: Implications in the Identification and Characterization of Iron Gall Inks in Historical Manuscripts DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01679 -
Alkyl C-H confidence 1.0
“The bands at 3080 and 3036 were attributed to ν(C451 cm-1 H) aromatic, and those at 2971 and 2897 were due antisymmetric and symmetric aliphatic 452 CH stretching (Lin-Vien et al., 1991).”
Franca 等 - 2020 - Monitoring diclofenac adsorption by organophilic a DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.012
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