What absorbs at 424 cm⁻¹ in an FTIR spectrum?
A band near 424 cm⁻¹ can point to several functional groups. Below are the most likely assignments, ranked by how much published evidence supports each — every one traceable to literature (DOI) and cross-validated against our 130,000+ reference spectra and knowledge graph.
Backed by 8 cited sources
Mabilis na sagot
A band near 424 cm⁻¹ is usually interpreted by checking which functional groups repeatedly co-occur there in the literature, then confirming at least one or two additional peaks in the same sample. This page ranks those assignments by accumulated evidence rather than by a single fixed textbook rule.
Mga posibleng pagtatalaga ng functional-group
| Grupong functional | Mga sumusuportang katotohanan | Mga nasiping sanggunian | Pinakamataas na kumpiyansa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydroxyl (O-H) | 4 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Metal oxygen | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| N h | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| C-O single bond | 2 | 2 | 1.0 |
| Silicon-oxygen (Si-O) | 2 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Water (H2O) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Alkyl C-H | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Silicon (Si) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Siloxane (Si-O-Si) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Carbohydrate | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| S eq o | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Aromatic ring | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Amide | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Methoxy (OCH3) | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Methacrylate | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Acetate | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Carbonyl (C=O) | 1 | 1 | 0.8 |
Ang pagraranggo ay sumasalamin sa naipon na ebidensya ng literatura, hindi isang solong awtoritatibong tuntunin. Palaging kumpirmahin laban sa konteksto ng iyong sample.
Mga posibleng materyales
| Materyal | Sumusuportang mga peak | Mga overlapping na grupo | Mga nasiping sanggunian |
|---|---|---|---|
| graphene | 424, 1720, 2097 | Hydroxyl (O-H), C-O single bond | 2 |
| GO | 424, 1720, 1182 | Hydroxyl (O-H), C-O single bond | 2 |
| cellulose | 424, 1735, 1650 | C-O single bond, Hydroxyl (O-H) | 1 |
| hemicellulose | 424, 1730, 897 | C-O single bond, Hydroxyl (O-H) | 1 |
| ZnO | 424, 1400, 3430 | Metal oxygen, Hydroxyl (O-H), C-O single bond | 1 |
| polysaccharide | 424, 1637, 1320 | Hydroxyl (O-H), C-O single bond, N h | 1 |
Ang mga materyales ay ipinapakita lamang kapag ang parehong literatura pool ay sumusuporta sa banda na ito at hindi bababa sa isang karagdagang katangian na tuktok.
Logic ng spectrum
This band becomes meaningful only when read with its neighboring peaks. In practice, analysts first look at the assignments above, then check whether the same sample also shows other peaks expected for the same structural motif. A lone band near 424 cm⁻¹ is usually not enough for material identification by itself.
Paggamit sa totoong mundo
Ang uri ng query na ito ay karaniwan sa pagtukoy ng polymer, screening ng hindi kilalang plastic, pag-troubleshoot ng QC, pag-verify ng recycled na materyal, at pagsusuri ng pagtatalaga ng peak na may suporta ng literatura.
Mga karaniwang pagkakamali
- Pagtrato sa isang nakahiwalay na banda bilang patunay ng isang materyal nang hindi sinusuri ang hindi bababa sa isa o dalawang sumusuportang peak.
- Hindi pinapansin ang overlap: maraming functional group ang maaaring mag-ambag malapit sa parehong wavenumber.
- Pag-laktaw sa pagpapatunay kapag ang mga additives, blends, oxidation, o contamination ay maaaring mag-distort ng spectrum.
Payo sa pagpapatunay
Kapag nananatili ang kalabuan, patunayan ang hypothesis gamit ang DSC, GC-MS, o TGA, lalo na para sa mga blend, degraded na sample, at filled polymers.
Literatura sa likod ng mga pagtatalagang ito
-
Acetate kumpiyansa 1.0
“544cm(cid:3)1 875cm(cid:3)1 (Ca-O bond), (C-O bond), transform infra red (FTIR) spectrum exhibits bands at 424, Available online xxxx 1460cm(cid:3)1 3640cm(cid:3)1 (C-O stretch) and (O-H stretch).”
Prakash 和 Nagabhushana - 2016 - Thermoluminescence properties of gamma irradiated DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2016.03.055 -
kumpiyansa 1.0
“The functional groups of ZnO, C=O for polysaccharide, and N-H bending vibration of amine were confirmed 424cm-1 by FTIR spectroscopy.”
Sanmugam 等 - 2017 - Optical and Structural Properties of Solvent Free DOI: 10.1155/2017/7536364 -
Metal oxygen kumpiyansa 1.0
“The FTIR spectrum showed the absorption band at 845 cm-1 that is due to the stretching mode of is attributed to Bi-O-Bi bond, and the strong absorption band recorded at 424 Bi-O.”
Zulkifli 等 - 2017 - Effect of Hydrothermal Reaction Time on Size of Bi DOI: 10.1063/1.5010448 -
Hydroxyl (O-H) kumpiyansa 1.0
“cm-1, cm-1, 1,218 strong vibrations at 1,610 to 1,550 and 1,420 to OH bending of C-OH at 1,424 cm-1 COOcm-1 sp2-hybridized 1,300 stretching of the [28,29].”
Basirun 等 - 2013 - Solid-phase electrochemical reduction of graphene DOI: 10.1186/1556-276X-8-397 -
Aromatic ring kumpiyansa 1.0
“423 typical from the aromatic systems, corresponds to stretching vibrations of C=C and 424 C=O of flavonoids, and asymmetric bending vibration of N-H due to aminoacids (Wu, 425 Sun, Zhao, Li, & Zhou, 2008, Fangio et al., 2019).”
Co-crystallized sucrose with propolis extract as a food ingredient: Powder characterization and antioxidant stability DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111164 -
kumpiyansa 1.0
“The cm-1 cm-1 band at 424 was attributed to bending modes of O-Mg-O.”
The physicochemical and biomechanical profile of forsterite and its osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells DOI: 10.1371/journal. -
S eq o kumpiyansa 1.0
“The expected peaks from 424+ antisymmetric S=O stretching in SO and the bending modes of NH and water can be easily detected50.”
Lu 等 - 2019 - Infrared Nanospectroscopy at the Graphene-Electrol DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01897 -
Carbohydrate kumpiyansa 1.0
“Finally, the peaks observed at 424 attribute to the functional groups that are responsible for the synthesis of cellulose-capped Ag-NPs (C-Ag-NPs).”
Mondal 等 - 2023 - Recycling of silver nanoparticles from electronic DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40668-7
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